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All 593 outline points · choose a level to see its categories and available lessons.
Morphemes › Suffix-like elements
At advanced levels of Chinese, word-building morphemes known as quasi-suffixes (类后缀) allow you to condense complex clauses into compact, formal terms. This lesson explains how to use and distinguish —化, —式, —型, and —性 in natural writing and…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Manner adverbs
At the HSK 7-9 level, manner adverbs (方式副词) specify how, under what stance, or by what procedural pattern an action unfolds. Because these words are highly selective about register, emotional polarity, and verb collocation, mastering them r…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Time adverbs
The HSK 7–9 outline lists thirteen time adverbs covering sequence, a referenced future time, provisional action and continuity. Their styles and meanings overlap. Learn a useful model for each word without treating formal and conversational…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Scope adverbs
At advanced proficiency, Chinese speakers choose scope adverbs not just to say 'all' or 'only', but to signal register, administrative authority, or rhetorical stance. This lesson explains the advanced scope adverbs listed in the HSK 7-9 gr…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Degree adverbs
At advanced proficiency, speakers move beyond basic intensifiers to express precise shades of degree, comparison, effort, and register. This lesson breaks down the fourteen degree adverbs listed under Levels 7-9 in the supplied syllabus out…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Negative adverbs
At advanced proficiency levels, negation in Chinese moves beyond simple factual denial into nuanced expressions of doubt, resolve, lack of means, and formal prohibition. This guide explains the six negative adverbs listed in the HSK 7-9 syl…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Attitudinal adverbs
HSK 7-9 modal adverbs express certainty, surprise, preference, evaluation and rhetorical stance. This guide groups the outline’s 33 entries by function and explains how meaning, word order and context shape their use.
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Judgement adverbs
At the advanced HSK 7-9 level, 乃 (nǎi) is classified as a judgment adverb used in formal, literary, and idiomatic contexts to affirm identity, definition, or essence.
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Frequency adverbs
At the advanced level, expressing repetition in Chinese requires choosing adverbs that match specific registers, rhythms, and grammatical structures. This guide breaks down the ten HSK 7-9 frequency adverbs—连连, 屡次, 屡屡, 频, 时而, 时时, 相继, 一个劲（儿）…
View detailsWord classes › Conjunctions › Connecting clauses or sentences
At the advanced level, connecting clauses requires precise register and logical direction. This guide covers six HSK 7-9 conjunctions grouped by function: causal and additive reasoning (鉴于, 况且), preventive purpose (免得, 以防), and formal condi…
View detailsWord classes › Conjunctions › Connecting words, phrases or clauses
In formal Chinese writing, 加之 introduces a supplementary cause or condition, 乃至 marks an escalation in scope or degree across items or clauses, and 且 links parallel predicates or clauses.
View detailsPhrases › Fixed phrases › Four-character patterns
半A半B is a four-character frame found in established expressions such as 半信半疑 and 半工半读. It can describe a mixed state or a combined arrangement; it does not always mean that both activities are unfinished or divided exactly fifty-fifty.
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