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Word classes › Verbs › Separable words
In Chinese, verb-object separable verbs (动宾式离合词) act as single vocabulary units in basic statements, but separate when grammatical elements like aspect markers, duration phrases, or modifiers are added. This lesson covers the four core HSK …
View detailsWord classes › Verbs › Separable words
In the HSK 3 outline, 离开 (to leave), 完成 (to complete), and 分开 (to separate) are classified as verb-complement separable verbs (动补式离合词). Unlike standard verb-object separable verbs, these words primarily split to insert 得 or 不 for potential …
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Linking adverbs
却 (què) is an adverb meaning “yet,” “however,” or “contrary to expectation.” In an ordinary clause with a stated subject, it belongs after the subject and within the predicate. Other adverbs or a time phrase can come between 却 and the main …
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Modal adverbs
Both 也许 and 恐怕 are modal adverbs used to express a speaker's conjecture or uncertainty, and both can appear either before the predicate or at the start of a clause. While 也许 expresses a neutral possibility ('perhaps'), 恐怕 conveys either a p…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Time adverbs
This lesson introduces the HSK 4 time-adverb group 按时, 从来, 赶紧, 赶快, 已, 忽然, 将, 将要, 从, and 本来. Their meanings include punctuality, habitual time, urgency, sudden change, an existing situation, and a future event. Their positions and combinatio…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Frequency adverbs
Learn the five adverbs grouped under frequency in the HSK 4 outline: 往往, 偶尔, 老, 重新, and 再次. Distinguish typical tendencies, occasional events and conversational high frequency, then compare doing something afresh with simply doing it once m…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Manner adverbs
This lesson explains the three HSK 4 adverbs of manner 故意 (on purpose), 互相 (each other), and 相互 (mutually), covering their pre-verbal placement, subtle register and grammatical differences, and how to avoid redundant objects in reciprocal s…
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Degree adverbs
At HSK 4, expressing degree moves beyond basic words into nuanced modifiers that show formal intensity, comparative increase, slight adjustment, standout examples, and strong exclamation.
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Attitudinal adverbs
In the HSK 4 grammar outline, modal adverbs (语气副词) allow speakers to express surprise, certainty, reluctance, urgency, or rhetorical questioning right before the predicate.
View detailsWord classes › Adverbs › Scope adverbs
Scope adverbs (范围副词) define how much of a group, quantity, or condition is included in a statement. In the Level 4 syllabus outline, six key adverbs cover three main functions: expressing totals or completeness (共, 全), restricting scope to …
View detailsWord classes › Conjunctions › Connecting words or phrases
In Chinese, different conjunctions are required depending on whether you are linking nouns, adjectives, or verbs. This lesson covers how the HSK 4 outline items 并, 而, and 与 connect words or phrases, focusing on grammatical category and form…
View detailsWord classes › Conjunctions › Connecting clauses or sentences
At the intermediate level, natural Chinese requires connecting ideas smoothly across clauses and full sentences. This lesson explains seven essential HSK 4 conjunctions covering progression, supplementary points, conditions, and cause-and-e…
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