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Sentence types › Sentence patterns › Simple sentences
In Mandarin Chinese, not every complete sentence divides into a subject and a predicate. Non-subject-predicate sentences (非主谓句) are standalone single-clause sentences formed by a single word or phrase—such as a verb phrase, adjective phrase…
View detailsSentence types › Sentence functions › Declarative sentences
A declarative sentence (陈述句, chénshùjù) is used to state a fact, describe a state or quality, or express a viewpoint, in either an affirmative or negative form. At the HSK 1 level, mastering declarative sentences means placing subjects, tim…
View detailsSentence types › Sentence functions › Questions
A clear guide to forming and answering Chinese yes-no questions (是非问句) at the HSK 1 level, covering word order, particles, intonation, and how to reply naturally without relying on fixed English equivalents.
View detailsSentence types › Sentence functions › Questions
In Mandarin Chinese, specific-information questions (特指问句) ask for a particular piece of missing information—such as a person, thing, place, or number—by placing an interrogative pronoun directly in the grammatical slot where the answer bel…
View detailsSentence types › Sentence functions › Questions
An affirmative-negative question (正反问句) asks a listener to choose between the positive and negative forms of a verb or adjective. In HSK 1, this provides a direct, neutral way to ask yes-no questions without using a sentence-final question …
View detailsSentence types › Sentence functions › Imperative sentences
Imperative sentences (祈使句, qíshǐjù) are used to ask, urge, invite, or forbid someone to do something. At HSK Level 1, they range from direct classroom instructions to polite requests using 请 (qǐng), friendly suggestions ending in 吧 (ba), an…
View detailsSentence types › Sentence functions › Exclamatory sentences
An exclamatory sentence (感叹句, gǎntànjù) expresses strong emotion such as surprise, praise, delight, or frustration. At HSK Level 1, learners primarily form exclamations using degree adverbs like 太 (tài), 真 (zhēn), and 好 (hǎo) paired with se…
View detailsSentence types › Special sentence patterns › 是 sentences 1
In HSK 1 grammar, the primary function of a 是 (shì) sentence is to link two noun phrases to show either exact equivalence or category membership. Unlike English 'to be', it connects nouns and pronouns rather than describing simple adjective…
View detailsSentence types › Special sentence patterns › 有 sentences 1
At HSK Level 1, the special sentence pattern known as “有”字句1 (yǒu-sentence 1) is used to express possession, ownership, and interpersonal or institutional affiliation. It connects a possessor directly to a possessed noun phrase and uniquely…
View detailsSentence types › Special sentence patterns › Existential sentences 1
Location + 是 + Noun identifies what is at the place being discussed, as in 前面是医院. It directs attention to the identity of what is there, rather than merely introducing its existence. It does not necessarily mean that one thing fills every p…
View detailsSentence types › Special sentence patterns › Existential sentences 1
This lesson explains the HSK 1 existential sentence pattern Place + 有 + Numeral-Classifier Phrase + Noun. You will learn how to introduce indefinite people or objects existing at a specific location, how to build each component of the sente…
View detailsSentence types › Special sentence patterns › Serial-verb sentences 1
In Mandarin Chinese, a serial verb sentence places two or more verb phrases under a single subject without connecting words. At HSK Level 1, the primary pattern orders two actions chronologically so that the second action expresses the purp…
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