# Chinese Grammar: 更不用说 in HSK 7–9 | HSKReady Canonical: https://hskready.app/en/grammar/hsk-7-9-progressive-clauses-g118 Language: en Content ID: web-grammar-hsk-7-9-g118 HSK levels: 7-9 Updated: 2026-10-23T04:57:43.648Z Scope: published website educational content; full vocabulary, question bank and mock exams remain in the app. Learn 更不用说……了 with negative and positive examples, natural translations and a clear relationship between the cases. Grammar [HSK 7-9 · Sentence types › Single-level complex sentences › Progressive clauses](https://hskready.app/en/grammar/hsk-7-9#hsk-7-9-g118) # Using 更不用说 to Add a Stronger Point 更不用说……了 extends an established point to a case that follows all the more. It can express “let alone” with failure or “not to mention” with positive ability; the scale depends on the predicate and context, not a fixed rule that the second case is harder. preceding clause ，更不用说 additional point 了 Example sentence 她能独立分析复杂的实验数据，更不用说整理这张简单的统计表了。 Tā néng dúlì fēnxī fùzá de shíyàn shùjù, gèng búyòng shuō zhěnglǐ zhè zhāng jiǎndān de tǒngjìbiǎo le. She can analyze complex experimental data independently, not to mention organize this simple statistical table. The positive ability statement moves from a harder task to an easier one. The inference is not that the second task is less attainable. **Read the full explanation and examples** ## Meaning and use The preceding clause provides a basis for an inference. 更不用说 introduces the case to which the same relevant conclusion applies all the more. Failure at an easier step can make a harder step implausible; success at a harder task can make an easier task seem obvious. Determine the scale from the predicate and context. The outline lists this as a progressive relation. [hsk-7-9-g118] The additional point is not simply another item in a list. It should intensify or extend the first point in a way the listener can recognize from context. The construction is common in explanatory statements and can sound emphatic, but it does not itself make a sentence a question or a command. - Use it when the first clause gives a clear basis for the stronger second point. - The inferred case can be harder under a negative ability claim or easier under a positive one. A physical increase in size or difficulty is not required. - Make the escalation understandable; the listener should not have to guess why the second point is stronger. ## Formation A useful frame is a complete first clause, followed by a comma, 更不用说, the added point, and 了. The first clause may be affirmative or negative. The second part can be a noun phrase or a fuller predicate, as long as it connects logically to the first clause. preceding clause ，更不用说 additional point 了 Keep the cases on a shared scale. In the shop example, the comparison is between weekends and holidays when demand is expected to be higher, not between ordinary and special goods. With complex data and a simple table, the predicate is ability. The closing 了 belongs to the whole expression; it does not prove the second event has occurred. ## Examples in context Read each example as an escalation: the first clause provides the starting point, and the 更不用说 phrase pushes the claim further. 她能独立分析复杂的实验数据，更不用说整理这张简单的统计表了。 Tā néng dúlì fēnxī fùzá de shíyàn shùjù, gèng búyòng shuō zhěnglǐ zhè zhāng jiǎndān de tǒngjìbiǎo le. She can analyze complex experimental data independently, not to mention organize this simple statistical table. The positive ability statement moves from a harder task to an easier one. The inference is not that the second task is less attainable. 这家小店连周末都常常缺货，更不用说节假日了。 Zhè jiā xiǎodiàn lián zhōumò dōu chángcháng quēhuò, gèng búyòng shuō jiéjiàrì le. This small shop is often out of stock even on weekends, to say nothing of public holidays. Holiday demand makes the shortage an even stronger expectation. 她刚接手这个项目，还不熟悉流程，更不用说独立负责整个部门了。 Tā gāng jiēshǒu zhège xiàngmù, hái bù shúxī liúchéng, gèng búyòng shuō dúlì fùzé zhěnggè bùmén le. She has only just taken over this project and is still unfamiliar with the process, to say nothing of running the entire department independently. Managing a whole department goes beyond learning the project process. 那份报告连基本数据都没有核实，更不用说分析背后的原因了。 Nà fèn bàogào lián jīběn shùjù dōu méiyǒu héshí, gèng búyòng shuō fēnxī bèihòu de yuányīn le. The basic data in that report have not even been verified, let alone the underlying causes analyzed. The report has not completed a preliminary step, much less the deeper analysis. 他连日常的普通话对话都听不太懂，更不用说参加全中文的研讨会了。 Tā lián rìcháng de Pǔtōnghuà duìhuà dōu tīng bu tài dǒng, gèng búyòng shuō cānjiā quán Zhōngwén de yántǎohuì le. He has trouble even understanding everyday conversations in Mandarin, let alone taking part in a seminar conducted entirely in Chinese. Everyday conversation is the less demanding comprehension task. The extension concerns meaningful participation in a seminar, not merely being physically present. ## A useful contrast 更不用说 is more than a neutral “also”: the first case supports a conclusion about the second. In the first example, ability to analyze complex data supports ability to organize a simple table. In the report example, failure to verify basic data makes deeper analysis premature. A random extra fact would not establish either inference. The full 连……都……，更不用说……了 frame is a neighboring outline point. This broader frame does not require 连……都……, although it can contain that emphasis. The examples with 她能…… and 她刚接手…… show use without it; the shop, report and conversation examples include it. They share the inference, with different degrees of explicit focus. [hsk-7-9-g118] Check the logic before using the phrase: can you explain why the second point goes beyond the first? If not, use a simple conjunction for addition. ## How to choose the pattern Start with a clear statement, then choose a second case for which the same conclusion is still more evident. With inability, a harder task may be beyond reach. With demonstrated ability, an easier task may be straightforward. Make that relationship clear instead of expecting 更不用说 alone to create the comparison. - First: identify the starting point. - Next: decide what stronger point follows from it. - Finally: check that the second part is an escalation, not just a separate fact. ## Frequently asked questions **Must the first clause be negative?** No. The first clause may be affirmative or negative. What matters is that the second point extends or intensifies it in a clear way. **Does 了 mean the added event has happened?** Not here by itself. It closes the 更不用说 phrase; the sentence’s context determines whether an event is actual, possible, or hypothetical. **Can the phrase after 更不用说 be a noun phrase?** Yes. A noun phrase can name the stronger additional point, as in the holiday example. A fuller predicate can also follow it. **Source**[hsk.cn-bj.ufileos.com · PDF page 406](https://hsk.cn-bj.ufileos.com/3.0/%E6%96%B0%E7%89%88HSK%E8%80%83%E8%AF%95%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%B21219.pdf#page=406) ## Continue in the app Full mock exams are available in HSKReady. [![Download on the App Store](https://hskready.app/download-on-app-store-black.svg)Download on the App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id6791916440?l=en)[![Get it on Google Play](https://hskready.app/get-it-on-google-play.svg)Get it on Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.curiolab.hskready&hl=en) [HSKReady App](https://hskready.app/en/app)