# HSK 5 Grammar: Preposition 自从 (zìcóng) Meaning and Structure | HSKReady Canonical: https://hskready.app/en/grammar/hsk-5-prepositions-9e0b8a8c78 Language: en Content ID: web-grammar-hsk-5-prepositions-9e0b8a8c78 HSK levels: 5 Updated: 2026-10-23T04:56:58.887Z Scope: published website educational content; full vocabulary, question bank and mock exams remain in the app. Learn how to use the Chinese preposition 自从 (zìcóng) to mark past starting points in time, how it pairs with 以后 and 以来, and how it differs from 从. Grammar [HSK 5 · Word classes › Prepositions › Introducing time or place](https://hskready.app/en/grammar/hsk-5#hsk-5-g012) # Using 自从 (zìcóng) to Introduce Past Starting Points in Chinese The preposition 自从 (zìcóng) introduces a specific point or event in the past as the starting boundary for an ongoing state or change. Unlike the broader preposition 从 (cóng), 自从 cannot introduce future times or physical locations. 自从 past time or event ， subject, when needed optional adverb (就 / 一直 / 都) ongoing state or change Example sentence 自从去年搬到上海，我就一直在一家贸易公司工作。 Zìcóng qùnián bāndào Shànghǎi , wǒ jiù yīzhí zài yī jiā màoyì gōngsī gōngzuò . Ever since I moved to Shanghai last year, I have been working at a trading company. 自从 introduces a past event (moving last year) and pairs with 就一直 in the main clause. A common mistake × 自从下个月一号，图书馆周末也开门。 Zìcóng xià gè yuè yī hào , túshūguǎn zhōumò yě kāimén . Intended: Starting from the first of next month, the library will also be open on weekends. Incorrect: 自从 cannot introduce a future time like 下个月一号 (the first of next month). Replace it with 从……起. Corrected example: 从下个月一号起，图书馆周末也开门。 **Read the full explanation and examples** ## Core Meaning and Syllabus Scope In the HSK 5 grammar outline, 自从 (zìcóng) is listed as a preposition under the broad category of prepositions that introduce time and location. In actual usage, however, 自从 specifically introduces a past temporal starting point—either a time expression or an event that has already occurred. It corresponds closely to English "ever since." 自从 looks back to an established earlier starting point. The following statement may describe a continuing state, a new habit, repeated events or accumulated results. The reference point is often now, but it may be a past point in a narrative. 自从去年搬到上海，我就一直在一家贸易公司工作。 Zìcóng qùnián bāndào Shànghǎi , wǒ jiù yīzhí zài yī jiā màoyì gōngsī gōngzuò . Ever since I moved to Shanghai last year, I have been working at a trading company. 自从 introduces a past event (moving last year) and pairs with 就一直 in the main clause. ## Sentence Structures and Common Pairings A prepositional phrase led by 自从 can appear at the very beginning of a sentence (before the subject) or immediately after the subject. In the main clause that follows, speakers very frequently add adverbs such as 就 (jiù), 一直 (yīzhí), or 都 (dōu) to emphasize continuity or a resulting shift. 自从 past time or event ， subject, when needed optional adverb (就 / 一直 / 都) ongoing state or change You can also close the time phrase with words like 以后 (yǐhòu, after), 之后 (zhīhòu, after), or 以来 (yǐlái, since). While optional in many sentences, these boundary words help make longer event phrases sound complete and balanced. 自从 past time or event 以后 / 以来 ， subject, when needed ongoing state or change 我自从学会做饭以后，就很少点外卖了。 Wǒ zìcóng xuéhuì zuòfàn yǐhòu , jiù hěn shǎo diǎn wàimài le . Ever since I learned how to cook, I rarely order takeout anymore. Here the subject 我 comes before 自从, and 以后 closes the time clause. 自从那次长谈以来，他们俩的关系改善了不少。 Zìcóng nà cì chángtán yǐlái , tāmen liǎ de guānxì gǎishàn le bùshǎo . Ever since that long talk, the relationship between the two of them has improved quite a bit. 自从...以来 frames a past event as the starting point for a noticeable change. ## Important Contrast: 自从 vs. 从 Learners often wonder when they can swap 自从 and 从 (cóng). While both mark starting points, 从 has a much wider range. Choosing the right word depends on three main constraints: - Past versus future starting points: 自从 looks back to a starting point already reached relative to the narrative reference time. The event need not have finished: 自从他生病以后 can refer to an illness that is still continuing. Use 从 for a future starting point that has not yet arrived. - Time vs. physical space: Even though syllabus tables group prepositions of time and location together, 自从 only introduces temporal points or events. Physical origins and spatial routes require 从. - For a route or a scheduled block such as 从九点到五点, use 从……到……. 自从 can look back over a period from an established starting point, but it does not serve as the general spatial or future-schedule marker “from.” 从办公室到地铁站，走路只要十分钟。 Cóng bàngōngshì dào dìtiězhàn , zǒulù zhǐ yào shí fēnzhōng . From the office to the subway station, it only takes ten minutes on foot. Physical locations and spatial distances require 从, never 自从. ## Common Learner Mistake: Future Starting Points In a future schedule announcement, a date that has not yet arrived is a starting point for 从……起 or 从……开始. Do not use 自从下个月一号 for that intended meaning. The correction below preserves the future opening date and weekend policy. × 自从下个月一号，图书馆周末也开门。 Zìcóng xià gè yuè yī hào , túshūguǎn zhōumò yě kāimén . Intended: Starting from the first of next month, the library will also be open on weekends. Incorrect: 自从 cannot introduce a future time like 下个月一号 (the first of next month). Replace it with 从……起. Corrected example: 从下个月一号起，图书馆周末也开门。 从下个月一号起，图书馆周末也开门。 Cóng xià gè yuè yī hào qǐ , túshūguǎn zhōumò yě kāimén . Starting from the first of next month, the library will also be open on weekends. Correct: 从……起 naturally introduces a future starting date. Quick check: Decide whether the starting point has already been reached at the reference time. 自从 looks back from that reference point. Use 从 for a planned future start or for a physical origin. Translate after checking that relationship, rather than deciding from a single English word. ## Frequently asked questions **Can 自从 introduce a physical place since its syllabus category mentions time and location?** No. The syllabus category "引出时间、处所" (introducing time and location) is a shared functional group for several prepositions. Within that group, 自从 is restricted to past time points or events. If a location word appears after 自从, it must be part of an action or event, such as 自从搬到北京 (ever since moving to Beijing), not a standalone noun like *自从北京. **Is there a difference between 自从……以后 and 自从……以来?** Both can follow 自从. 以后 points to the time after the starting event; 以来 foregrounds the interval from that point to the reference time, often now but sometimes a past narrative point. Neither requires one uninterrupted state: 自从搬来这里以来，我只去过那家店两次 counts two separate visits. **Source**[hsk.cn-bj.ufileos.com · PDF page 398](https://hsk.cn-bj.ufileos.com/3.0/%E6%96%B0%E7%89%88HSK%E8%80%83%E8%AF%95%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%B21219.pdf#page=398) ## Continue in the app Full mock exams are available in HSKReady. [![Download on the App Store](https://hskready.app/download-on-app-store-black.svg)Download on the App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id6791916440?l=en)[![Get it on Google Play](https://hskready.app/get-it-on-google-play.svg)Get it on Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.curiolab.hskready&hl=en) [HSKReady App](https://hskready.app/en/app)